2017年高三英语二轮复习专题(含答案):代词和数词非谓语动词和独立主格结构
2017年高三英语二轮复习专题(含答案):代词和数词非谓语动词和独立主格结构
【考纲展现】
非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点, 考纲要求掌握:非谓语动词的时态和语态;他们在英语句子中的作用;非谓语动词的基本用法和含义,非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种句子成分,比如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等;掌握非谓语动词充当相同句子成分时的辨析;掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语义下的运用。
对于独立主格结构考纲要求掌握独立主格结构的构成方式;在句子中的作用以及with复合结构。
【真题评析】(以高考题为例)
1._______ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. (09福建)
A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded
【答案】B 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语,逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager,非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系,且其表示的动作在谓语动词set out之前已经发生,非谓语动词用过去分词,选B。
2.In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, _________ the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy. (09福建)
A. marking B. marked C. having marked D. being marked
【答案】A 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语,其后有宾语,故与逻辑主语是主动关系,且表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行,用现在分词,选A。
3.When he __________ the door, he found his keys were nowhere. (09湖南)
A. would open B. opened C. had opened D. was to open
【答案】D 考查非谓语动词。动词不定时的用法。句意为:当他要打开门的时候,他发现他的钥匙不见了。动词不定时表示将要发生的动作。
4.There is nothing more I can try ____you to stay, so I wish you good luck. [2007 上海卷] A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade
【答案】D 关键把握句型——I try sth. to persuade you to stay。本句话补全为:There is nothing more that I can try to persuade you to stay, so I wish you good luck. to persuade作为目的状语。
5. The Town Hall ____in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time. [2007 上海卷]
A. to be completed B. having been completed
C. completed D. being completed
【答案】C 1800’s是表示过去的时间,和逻辑主语存在被动关系,且作定语所以用done,注意done只要是被动可以表示一般现在,或者过去状态,将来则用to be done,现在正在则用being done。
6. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ___for the day. [2007重庆卷]
A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
【答案】B 首先这是个独立主格,后半个分句主语为lesson和finish存在被动关系,所以用done。
7. Peter received a letter just now ____his grandma would come to see him soon. [2007 四川卷]
A. said B. says C. saying D. to say
【答案】C 这个句子中doing作定语,可以从定语从句角度理解:Peter received a letter just now which said his grandma would come to see him soon.注意只要是主动关系动作无先后就可以用doing。
8. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ____every day. [2007 四川卷]
A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water
【答案】A 该题目是个省略句型,可以补全The flowers his friend gave him will die unless it is watered every day. 句中省略主谓 但保留了和逻辑主语的被动关系,所以还是用done。比较After being watered everyday,the flowers took on a new look. 此时after单独使用,不带主谓时为介词词性,所以要用动名词构成被动则为being done。而此题的unless是个连词。
9. ___________n the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly. [2007 上海春]
A. To ensure B. Ensuring C. Having ensured. D. To have ensured
【答案】A To do置于句首常作目的状语。
10. She wants her paintings __________ in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular. [2007 上海春]
A. display B. to display C. displaying D. displayed
【答案】D 这个句子可以在牛津字典上找到固定用法:want sth done
11. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ____. [2007 浙江卷]
A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard
【答案】A 这里从句子的意思上可以知道我在小孩子很吵的时候努力使自己被听到,再结合struggle to do 可知道该动词后面只能加不定时的被动构成被动所以选A。
12. ____by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. [2007 浙江卷]
A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven
【答案】A 明确drive sb to do sth 此处农民被驱使,构成被动用done作原因状语
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